Dual Band Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna With an AMC Structure

This paper presents a design of three-square resonators as a patch antenna at the top layer. The single antenna design includes two PIN diodes with four cases to make frequency reconfigurability with 4×4 AMC unit cells, two of them are considered as partially ground supported by AMC structure to enhance the gain. The antenna covers the frequency band from 2.5 GHz to 12.9 GHz. Each case includes two different bands with a maximum gain equal to 3.77 dB at 12.4 GHz and a maximum efficiency equal to 94 % at 8.74 GHz. All cases have linear polarization, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional at frequencies equal to 3.954 GHz and 7.048 GHz. In this design, the bottom layer is equipped with several parasitic elements that act as an AMC structure. Two of them are connected to the SMA connector to form the antenna ground. This design is appropriate for IoT and satellite communications, especially in the C–band.