An Integrated Demand Side Management Framework Utilizing Smart Grid Technologies and IoT for Enhanced Residential Energy Efficiency

Increasing energy demands and the need for efficient management necessitate innovative solutions. This study introduces an integrated Demand Side Management (DSM) framework tailored for residential buildings within smart grid systems. The proposed methodology employs Earth Worm Optimization Algorithm (EWOA) and Virulence Optimization Algorithm (VOA) to optimize scheduling for household appliance using integration of Renewable Energy Storage (RES) and Renewable Energy Resources (RERs). Real-Time Electricity Scheduling (RTES) is implemented using IoT technologies to enable adaptive energy management. This system demonstrates significant performance improvements, achieving a 76.19% reduction in the Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) using VOA and a 73.8% reduction with EWOA when RES is included. Comparative analyses highlight substantial cost reductions, enhanced grid stability, and improved energy efficiency. This work not only showcases the novelty of integrating advanced optimization algorithms with IoT but also provides a robust approach to achieve sustainable and cost-effective energy management.