Using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Clustering to Identify Key Factors for On-Time Student Graduation

This study analyzes the relationship between student discipline and on-time graduation Using AHP to determine key discipline factors and DBSCAN to cluster based on discipline patterns, data from 245 respondents who graduated from 2013 to 2022 were collected. The findings show that Enthusiasm to Complete Final Projects (D15) and Commitment (D3) significantly influence on-time graduation, with eigenvalues of 0.200 and 0.352. Cluster 6, with the best DBI value, consisted of high-achieving students with a GPA of 3.55-3.66, nearly completed credits (144–149), low procrastination, high self-confidence, and good academic discipline. Non-academic factors such as engagement in guidance, commitment, focus, and time discipline are crucial in influencing graduation, indicating the need for universities to enhance disciplinary support to encourage academic success.