IoT-Driven Smart Car Parking System: Optimizing Urban Mobility and Reducing Environmental Impact

The rapid increase in urban vehicle numbers has significantly worsened traffic congestion, particularly in public parking spaces, where conventional parking systems often prove inefficient, leading to wasted time, excessive fuel consumption, and increased environmental pollution. A Smart Car Parking System is proposed to address these challenges by integrating advanced technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), to optimize parking operations. The system employs sensors embedded in parking spaces to detect vehicle presence and provide real-time data on availability. This enables drivers to locate free parking spaces efficiently, improving traffic flow. Additionally, the system offers valuable insights to city planners and facility managers, supporting optimal space allocation and dynamic pricing models. By reducing vehicle idling and unnecessary driving while searching for parking, the system helps minimize emissions, contributing to environmental sustainability. The study builds an automated smart car parking system for parking slot monitoring and gate control. The system ensures correct slot occupancy reading, status displayed in real time, and smooth operation of an opening and closing system. It manages additional features such as real-time sensor calibration and effective gate control with a high degree of accuracy and accountability. The proposed Smart Car Parking System represents a key innovation in urban mobility, offering a user-friendly, efficient, and eco-friendly solution to one of the most persistent challenges faced by modern cities.