A Wide-Range Hybrid Radio Frequency Divider

Incorporating an input direct injection into a versatile compact oscillator featuring a switchable resistive-loaded cross-coupled pair, this work presents a low-cost radio frequency divider (FD) with a wide input range, attributing to its hybrid multimode operations. First-cut design guides, exclusively in terms of its key component parameters, on implementing a wide inductive-band span and choosing its optimal operating frequency with the peak quality factor (QF) are provided. The measured results of the RF FD in 0.18-<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m CMOS show a wide input-range range (<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 180$ </tex-math></inline-formula>%), while drawing 2.366 mA in low band (LB) and 4.533 mA in high band (HB), respectively, from <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\mathrm { DD}} =1\text {.}5~\text {V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.