A Study on Complex Environmental Sensors Integrated with Lighting Fixtures for Fire and Disaster Detection in Underground Utility Tunnel

In this paper, we selected eight sensors(CO, CO₂, O₂, smoke, temperature, humidity, vibration, infrared, etc.) suitable for underground utility tunnel in korea based on the shape of the building, the arrangement of facilities, the condition of the enclosure, and the materials of power lines and facilities. We designed a multi-sensor module with a SIP (System In Package) structure to integrate and embed the eight selected sensors, a signal processing algorithm that considers the response time characteristics between multiple sensors, and a third-order Butter-worth low-pass filter to remove noise errors in the DC component of the output signal. In addition, we designed the enclosure structure by conducting flow simulation (Solidwork simulation program), manufactured a prototype, and applied leveling technology to improve the accuracy of the multi-sensor based on the data measured in the test bed. As a result, it was confirmed that it was possible to detect whether a fire occurred within 30 seconds in the event of a fire, except for the CO₂ sensor, and the fire detection reliability showed a high performance of about 95% or more. After installing 55 complex environmental sensors integrated with lighting fixtures in the Ochang Underground Utility Tunnel(about 750m underground common area distance), we evaluated the sensing data transmission characteristics and the accuracy of the sensing data delivered to the SPU and DCU and the sensor values displayed in the related systems to prove its excellence.