Numerical Analysis-Based Design Method for a Large-Space HVAC System in a Multi-Purpose Arena : Focusing on Heating Operations during the Winter Season

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the design and performance of the HVAC system in a large-scale multipurpose arena, focusing on winter heating conditions, using the S-Arena as a case study. The objective is to propose an optimized design solution that satisfies thermal distribution in large indoor spaces and enhances energy efficiency. Method: The study utilized CFD simulations to analyze airflow and air temperature distribution the HVAC system. Key HVAC components of the S-Arena were evaluated in terms of their design and performance. The placement and operating conditions of these components were configured to ensure uniform temperature distribution and energy efficiency within the large space. Result: The CFD simulation results demonstrated that the HVAC system generally met the recommended airflow velocity range (< 0.5 m/s) and provided thermal comfort while efficiently reducing energy consumption. Additionally, the system maintained a uniform temperature range of 20.5°C to 22.0°C in central and activity spaces, ensuring thermal comfort for occupants. Localized airflow and temperature deviations identified in certain areas were found to be improvable through design adjustments. The proposed design was shown to operate efficiently under winter heating conditions, and the application of CFD simulations demonstrated the feasibility of optimizing the system during the initial design stage.