Analysis of Home Appliance Distribution and Energy Consumption Habits Based on Changes in Population Structure

Purpose: This study investigates how demographic changes, such as the rise in single-person and aging households, influence household appliance usage and energy consumption, aiming to propose strategies for energy efficiency and carbon neutrality. Method: The research utilized national statistical data and microdata from the 2016, 2018, and 2020 Household Energy Panel Survey. The analysis focused on the characteristics of household appliances based on household size and age groups. In addition, a survey was conducted to investigate energy-saving awareness and behaviors among 142 adults, highlighting the practical aspects of energy consumption in daily life. Result: The findings reveal that single-person households exhibit the highest energy consumption per unit area, while larger households tend to have lower unit-area energy usage despite higher total consumption. Aging households primarily rely on traditional appliances, reflecting limited adoption of modern energy-efficient technologies. The survey results indicate a high level of awareness regarding energy savings, but behavioral gaps persist due to cost and performance considerations. These insights emphasize the need for tailored educational campaigns, financial incentives for energy-efficient appliances, and improved public awareness to bridge the gap between intention and action.