Public health spatial planning in practice. Understanding the local spatial planning for health system in England through a narrative synthesis of systems approaches

The planning system can help to address the complexity of determinants of our health which are driven by a combination of factors. A growing body of evidence and practice suggest taking systems perspectives can help tackle such complexity. Local planning authorities in England are required to create local planning frameworks that can improve health outcomes across these determinants. This paper discusses a spectrum of relevant systems concepts to propose a conceptual framework to explain the ecology of the English local spatial planning for health system’s interconnectedness and multi-disciplinarity with which effective public health involvement can be supported and maximised.