Giant bronchogenic cyst causing severe dyspnea: a case report

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are cysts formed by abnormal budding of the tracheobronchial tree during embryological development and are less common in adults. They are often located in the mediastinal region or lung parenchyma, but they can rarely be seen extrathoracically. BCs may not be detected radiologically on direct radiography most of the time. However, the diagnosis can be made by thorax Computer Tomography in 97% of lesions. Although they are usually benign, they can lead to severe airway symptoms in patients if they grow large enough to compress the lungs or airway. After this stage, surgical <br />treatment should be planned to prevent recurrences with extraluminal compression and tracheal narrowing that may lead to negative consequences by making the right treatment plan.</p> <p><strong>Case Presentation:</strong> In our case, although we recommended the operation at the age of 18, surgical excision was planned for the patient, who did not accept it and developed dyspnea symptoms during follow-up and increased the size of the BC seen on thoracic CT during follow-up. In our patient, hybrid thoracotomy was decided to intervene effectively in the close proximity of the lesion to the superior vena <br />cava and possible complications.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Although BCs are usually asymptomatic, surgical excision should be performed because they may cause compression symptoms to the respiratory tract due to an increase in size and recurrence may occur if they are not completely excised. Minimally invasive methods such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for surgical resection, or wedge resection and lobectomy with thoracotomy may be considered a good choice for intraparenchymal BCs.</p>