Juvenile Criminality and Globalization Toward the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda: a State-of-the Art Review in the Western Balkans

Aims: This study explores how globalization impacts social structures and delinquency among adolescents in the Western Balkans. It examines historical and contemporary globalization factors, analyzes links between globalization, social exclusion, and youth delinquency, and provides recommendations for achieving SDGs. Methods: The study uses a qualitative and analytical approach, analyzing secondary data like globalization indices, GDP growth rates, and PISA reports to assess economic and social development. Case studies and statistical data highlight trends in youth delinquency linked to globalization-driven inequalities. Results: The Western Balkans show lower economic and social development compared to EU and OECD countries. Economic globalization has increased income disparities and poverty, particularly among youth. Marginalized youth face limited access to education, employment, and social services, leading to social exclusion. High youth unemployment and low educational attainment persist, while the decline of traditional structures has driven youth to form "urban tribes" for identity and belonging, reflecting dissatisfaction with societal institutions. Conclusions: Globalization has significantly impacted the Western Balkans, intensifying inequalities and social exclusion, which contribute to increased youth delinquency. Research Implications: The implications of these state-of the-art review can be summarized as follows: 1)Governments and organizations should promote inclusive growth, improve education access, and create youth job opportunities; 2) Regional collaboration is needed to address challenges like youth unemployment and social exclusion; 3) Achieving SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) requires addressing root causes of delinquency and ensuring globalization benefits vulnerable populations.