5PSQ-064 Efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma in a tertiary hospital

<h3>Background and Importance</h3> Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Approximately a quarter of these patients have severe eosinophilic asthma, characterised by the presence of eosinophils in bronchial biopsies and sputum. In the last few years, monoclonal antibodies such as mepolizumab, benralizumab, reslizumab or tezepelumab have been approved for its treatment. <h3>Aim and Objectives</h3> To assess effectiveness and security of monoclonal antibody mepolizumab for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma in real-life in a tertiary hospital. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> Observational, descriptive and retrospective study carried out between July 2017 and September 2024, including adult patients treated with mepolizumab for at least 1 year in a tertiary hospital. Variables included: age, sex, duration of treatment, eosinophil count, number of exacerbations, daily oral corticosteroid dose, and adverse effects associated with treatment. Data were extracted from digital medical records and in hospital electronic prescribing and they were analysed with the statistical program IBM SPSS statistics version 29.0.2.0. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty-one patients were included: female 67.7% (n=21) median of 59 years-old (rank 27–77). The median follow-up duration of the treatment was 37.7 months. The mean blood eosinophil count before the start of treatment was 487.9 ± 343.8 eosinophils/μl, and 85.9 ± 84.0 eosinophils/μl after treatment. There was a mean of 1.2 ± 1.7 exacerbations in the year before treatment and 0.4 ± 1.1 exacerbations in the year after. Seven patients were taking daily corticosteroids before treatment and this number was maintained after treatment. A total of nine patients (30.0%) experienced adverse reactions associated with treatment, all of which were mild. <h3>Conclusion and Relevance</h3> Mepolizumab showed a significant reduction in eosinophil levels and in the rate of exacerbations after treatment, but no significant change in daily corticosteroid intake. In terms of safety, it has a moderate incidence of adverse effects. Therefore, it appears to be effective and safe. <h3>References and/or Acknowledgements</h3> <h3>Conflict of Interest</h3> No conflict of interest