5PSQ-030 Effectiveness and safety of semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: real-world usage data

<h3>Background and Importance</h3> Semaglutide, a GLP1-analogue (aGLP1), is funded in our country for treating type 2 diabetes (DM2) in obese patients (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) with inadequate glycaemic control, in combination with oral antidiabetics (ADO) and/or insulin. Both oral and subcutaneous forms have shown efficacy and safety. <h3>Aim and Objectives</h3> To evaluate the prescription profile, effectiveness, and safety of semaglutide in DM2 patients treated for over 1 year without prior aGLP1 therapy. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> A single-centre retrospective study conducted in June 2023 at a second-level hospital, including patients treated with semaglutide for over 1 year. Variables recorded: demographics (sex, age), anthropometrics (weight, height), clinical factors (cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD)), analytical measures (glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), LDL, triglycerides (TG)), and pharmacotherapeutic variables (prior ADO/insulin, concomitant statins). Safety was assessed by gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and cardiovascular events (stroke, myocardial infarction). Funding criteria reviewed: 1) DM2 diagnosis, 2) BMI ≥30 kg/m², 3) prior ADO/insulin, 4) poor glycaemic control. Prescriptions were optimal if all criteria were met. Quantitative variables are presented as mean ± SD, and qualitative as frequency and percentage. <h3>Results</h3> The study included 41 DM2 patients (60 ± 11 years; 61% male) treated for 696 ± 309 days. 27% had CVD, 10% CKD ≥ G3, and 76% had HbA1c ≥6.5%. 88% had prior ADO/insulin treatment, 93% concomitant, and 66% took statins. Baseline and final weight (kg) and BMI (kg/m²): 103 ± 22; 36 ± 9 and 93 ± 20; 33 ± 7, respectively. Baseline and 1-year follow-up values for glucose (mg/dl), HbA1c (%), TC (mg/dl), LDL (mg/dl), and TG (mg/dl) were: 153 ± 62; 8 ± 2; 182 ± 44; 98 ± 32; 243 ± 275 and 115 ± 39; 6 ± 1; 154 ± 41; 84 ± 32; 163 ± 111, respectively. HbA1c decreased by 2%, with a 10 kg weight loss and lipid profile improvement. GI symptoms occurred in 12% of patients, with no CVD events reported. Optimal prescription was seen in 73%. <h3>Conclusion and Relevance</h3> Semaglutide’s effectiveness and safety in routine practice align with clinical trial results. Limitations include small sample size and non-adherence to funding criteria, prompting a hospital compliance circuit. <h3>References and/or Acknowledgements</h3> <h3>Conflict of Interest</h3> No conflict of interest