4CPS-061 Assesment of the effectiveness and safety of mepolizumab in a real-world long-term study

<h3>Background and Importance</h3> Mepolizumab is an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of uncontrolled severe asthma (USA). The treatment of USA with biological therapy is considered a challenge due to the lack of long-term real-world information. <h3>Aim and Objectives</h3> The objective is to asses real-world Mepolizumab treatment carried out in patients with USA to determine its long-term effectiveness and safety. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> Retrospective real-world observational study in patients treated with Mepolizumab between 01/2015 and 12/2022. Variables analysed before the start of mepolizumab, 1 year after treatment, and at the last medical consultation recorded in the Electronic Health Record: demographic data (sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI)), eosinophil level (cells/microliter), percentage of Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1 (%)), Asthma Control Test (ACT) score, number of glucocorticoid cycles, number of hospital admissions/emergency visits in the last year, cases and causes of discontinuation. Results expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR). <h3>Results</h3> Sample of 96 patients (70.83% women), starting age 59 years (50 - 69), and BMI 29.03 (24.01 – 31.21). Variables before the start of treatment: eosinophil level (cells/microliter) 800 (500 – 1300), FEV1 (%) 76 (60.5 – 87.5), ACT 15 (10 – 18), glucocorticoid cycles 2 (1 – 3), hospital admissions/emergency visits 1 (0 – 1). Results after 1 year of treatment: eosinophils (cells/microliter) 100 (0 – 100), FEV1 (%) 86 (73 - 97), ACT 21 (IQR 19 – 24), glucocorticoid cycles 0 (0 – 1), hospital admissions/emergency visits 0 (0 – 0). Outcomes of the last medical consultation: eosinophils (cells/microliter) 100 (0 – 100), FEV1 (%) 85 (73 - 90), ACT 21 (19 – 25), glucocorticoid cycles 0 (0 – 1), hospital admissions/emergency visits 0 (0 – 1). There were 19 discontinuations (19.79%) due to inefficacy (84.21%) and intolerance (15.79%). <h3>Conclusion and Relevance</h3> The use of mepolizumab improves lung capacity (increase in FEV1), clinical control of the disease (increase of up to 6 points in ACT), and reduces the number of exacerbations and hospital admissions/emergency visits. Therefore, treatment with mepolizumab can be considered effective (functional and clinical improvement) and safe in the long-term. Further studies are needed to allow for better treatment selection to reduce discontinuations due to inefficacy. <h3>References and/or Acknowledgements</h3> <h3>Conflict of Interest</h3> No conflict of interest