Innovative Fault Ride-Through Cell for Modular Multilevel Converters: Enhancing Voltage Level Generation and Protection in HVDC Systems

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are essential for efficiently transmitting large-scale electrical power over extended distances. Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) have emerged as a preferred technology in HVDC systems due to their modular architecture and their capability to produce multiple voltage levels. This multi-level capability enhances output voltage quality, reduces harmonic distortion, and significantly improves system performance. This paper presents an innovative fault ride-through cell tailored for MMCs, designed to generate 9 and 17 distinct voltage levels. The proposed cell enables precise control over these voltage levels, ensuring robust voltage regulation and enhancing the reliability and operational stability of MMC-based HVDC systems under diverse operating conditions. The advancements demonstrated in this study underscore the importance of multi-level voltage generation in achieving efficient and stable HVDC transmission, advancing the technological landscape in modular multilevel converter applications.