Comparative Study of Various Permanent Magnet BLDC Motor for Sustainable Electric Vehicle

This paper presents a finite element analysis of Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (BLDC) motors designed for sustainable electric rickshaws (e-rickshaws) or solar-powered variants. E-rickshaws are gaining popularity as an eco-friendly transportation option, particularly in Asia. This study examines the integration of BLDC motors into e-rickshaw wheels, focusing on their performance across different pole and slot configurations. Using the ANSYS Electronics environment, a $1,500 \mathrm{~W}, 380$ RPM, $40 \mathrm{Nm}, 48 \mathrm{~V}$ BLDC motor is modelled and analysed. Four configurations, featuring $24,36,48$, and 60 slots, are simulated within the RMxprt module of Maxwell. Magnetostatic and transient field simulations based on Maxwell’s equations are conducted to evaluate performance metrics like torque, speed, and efficiency. By comparing these configurations, the study provides insights into optimising motor designs tailored for e-rickshaws. This research contributes to the development of efficient and sustainable urban transportation solutions by improving motor performance and reliability.