Optimized Structural and Control Enhancements for High-Frequency Impedance Source Inverters in Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) systems provide a promising solution to overcome the limitations of electric vehicles (EVs) regarding battery size, range constraints, and lengthy charging times. This study focuses on enhancing the efficiency ($\boldsymbol{\eta}$) and power factor (PF) product ($\eta \cdot \mathrm{PF}$), a critical metric for optimizing power transfer capacity and reducing both operational and capital costs. An optimal frequency-tracking method is utilized to maximize $\eta \cdot P F$, even under abrupt changes in coupling coefficient due to EV misalignment with the charging track. The output voltage is regulated by adjusting the shoot-through duty cycle of the primary inverter, utilizing the Z-source inverter (ZSI), which not only performs voltage regulation but also enhances the converter’s reliability. The proposed method also addresses load variations, ensuring stable output voltage while maintaining the system’s operation at an optimal $\eta \cdot P F$. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, showeasing significant improvements in PF, $\eta \cdot \mathrm{PF}$, and output voltage stability. The findings highlight the potential of this dynamic control strategy to enhance system reliability and performance in real-world EV charging scenarios, making it a highly efficient and cost-effective solution for next generation WPT infrastructure.