Optimal Management in Island Microgrids with V2G Devices Using Differential Evolution Algorithm

The advancement of power systems to meet energy demands and expand supply through renewable energy sources (RESs) is an effective approach. Additionally, replacing conventional automobiles with Electric Vehicles (EVs), which emit fewer pollutants and have charge-discharge capabilities, is highly effective in addressing load demand. This study introduces a microgrid (MG) operating in island mode to optimize energy management and minimize the costs associated with fossil fuel energy production and environmental pollution. Demand-side management (DSM) is a critical strategy for optimizing energy usage in future networks. It helps reduce peak load by reshaping the supplier load profile and adjusting consumers’ energy consumption. The charge-discharge capability of EVs can further enhance energy management. Their flexibility and high mobility allow them to be positioned anywhere on the grid. This study employed the Differential Evolution Algorithm to analyze the impact of energy sources and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology on peak load reduction and the significant decrease in the objective function value.