Modeling and Optimization of Multiproduct Human–Robot Collaborative Hybrid Disassembly Line Balancing With Resource Sharing

Efficient disassembly is essential for the reintegration of end-of-life products into the remanufacturing process. Previous studies utilize human–robot collaboration and parallel workstations to enhance disassembly efficiency. However, the disassembly lines in these studies are typically independent of each other. As the number of disassembly lines in a plant increases, labor resources such as workers and robots become redundant, leading to low resource utilization and decreased disassembly revenue. This study proposes a novel disassembly scheme aimed at achieving high efficiency by leveraging parallelization and human–robot collaboration to share labor resources on a hybrid disassembly line. Specifically, this work develops a mixed-integer programming model to maximize disassembly profit. A discrete aquila optimizer algorithm, incorporating uniform variation and two-point crossover methods, provides the solution for the problem. Furthermore, the correctness of the proposed model and algorithm is verified within the solvable range of the commercial solver CPLEX. Finally, a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm with the salp swarm algorithm, the fireworks algorithm, and the whale optimization algorithm demonstrates its superiority in solving the problem.