Mindful Jazz and Preferred Music Interventions Reduce Pain Among Patients With Chronic Pain and Anxiety: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Mindfully listening to music can help to reduce pain-related outcomes. Both music education (i.e., music listening without mindfulness training) and mindfully listening to music (i.e., listening with mindfulness training) helped to decrease pain and anxiety from baseline to follow-up. However, mindful listening reduced pain to a greater amount compared to music education, suggesting that mindfully listening to music is a more impactful pain reduction intervention compared to listening without mindfulness training. Future research is warranted with a larger sample.