Enabling DMG Wi-Fi Sensing in Data Transmission Intervals by Exploiting Beam Training Codebook

This paper addresses the integration of millimeter-wave (mmWave) Wi-Fi communication and sensing during data transmission intervals (DTIs). We leverage prior knowledge from codebook beam training conducted during preceding beacon transmission intervals (BTIs) and association beamforming training (A-BFT) intervals to design a transceiver array response that meets both requirements on downlink communication SNR and targeted sensing area. By formulating it as a first-order array response optimization with constraints on power, codebook, communication SNR, and limited RF chains, this paper introduces a two-stage solution. First, we introduce a two-way communication-sensing matching pursuit to determine a set of codewords that prioritize the communication SNR constraint. Then, using the selected codewords, we employ an alternating minimization over an auxiliary phase term and beamforming weights to further minimize an array-response distance loss. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed DMG beamforming design over baseline methods.