Resource Allocation for Semantic Segmentation Tasks in Autonomous Driving: A Likelihood Active Inference Approach

The latest Segment Anything Model enables realtime scene annotation and understanding for autonomous driving systems, enhancing driving safety. However, effectively allocating resources for real-time performance and accuracy remains challenging in edge-cloud architectures. Traditional reinforcement learning struggles with poor generalization and the explorationexploitation dilemma, making it difficult to define clear reward functions. To address this, we propose a likelihood active inference approach to optimize resource allocation and improve system resource utilization. We use "intelligence" as a high-level indicator to quantify the efficiency of cognition in active inference, evaluating the difference between predicted and actual states during policy exploration. Experimental results show our algorithm outperforms mainstream deep reinforcement learning algorithms, improving sample efficiency and suitability for dynamically changing task workloads.