Performance Bounds for Single-Bit AOA-Based RF Source Localization

Multiple antenna arrays capable of estimating the angle of arrival (AOA) can be used to determine the position of a signal source in space. To reduce computational complexity and hardware costs, such arrays can employ single-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). This work investigates the performance of 2D AOA-based localization by deriving the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for both unquantized and single-bit quantized measurements. It shows that single-bit quantization results in a decrease in the localisation performance, which is more pronounced at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).