Lavandula dentata leaves as potential natural antibiofilm agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Biofilm formation is responsible for persistent diseases related to chronic infections. Mostly it is triggered by many bacteria, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). In this study, plants that have been used traditionally in skin infections Viz; Liquorice, Carrot, Red Cabbage, Beetroot, Turmeric, Neem, and French Lavender were selected to evaluate their antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. The microtiter plate assay was used to evaluate their antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa as well as ability to reduce the activity of P. aeruginosa. To investigate the phytocompounds responsible for bioactivity of the superior extract and to explore potential interactions between its bioactive components and one of quorum-sensing (QS) regulatory proteins of P. aeruginosa involved in biofilm formation, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) and molecular docking studies were done. The study showed that all tested plant extracts could significantly (p-value < 0.05) reduce the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm. The methanol extract of Lavandula dentata (L. dentata) leaves is superior at 0.625 mg/mL. In conclusion, the study revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their glycosides also, the anti-P. aeruginosa biofilm activity of L. dentata leaves was reported herein for the first time and could be a good source of leads for antibiofilm medicine.