Polymer Electrolytes for Sustainable Energy: A Minireview on Zero-Carbon Storage and Conversion

Polymer electrolytes (PEs) are at the core of zero-carbon energy storage and conversion technologies, playing a crucial role in the transition to sustainable energy systems. Their appeal also lies in their versatility, enabling customization for diverse applications, from powering microelectronics to enabling large-scale energy generation systems. Herein, we review recent progress in the design and fabrication of PEs, with a special focus on the development of solid, gel, and ionic-liquid-based PEs that enhance the performance of energy storage and conversion devices. The advancement of additives and polymer composites that enhance thermal and electrochemical stability, along with the development of robust cross-linked networks that resist degradation, can address the significant issue of long-term durability in PEs. Innovative fabrication methods for PEs, along with optimized component assembly and design strategies, are essential for maximizing efficiency, ensuring reproducibility, and reducing costs in zero-carbon energy storage and conversion systems.