Improve the efficiency of product low-carbon design: Combining design parameters mapping and differential analysis of carbon emissions

For low-carbon design of products, in addition to reducing carbon emissions, different design indicators must be met, which makes the design complicated. At the same time, there are usually multiple candidate design solutions, and the testing, validation, and optimization of these solutions combined with multiple indicators is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, it is significant to improve design efficiency and simplify the design process while ensuring the reliability of low-carbon design results. This paper proposes a low-carbon design method based on design parameters mapping and differential analysis of carbon emissions to realize the multi-objective optimization of low-carbon design, reduce the design workload, and improve design efficiency. Firstly, a comprehensive surrogate model mapping design parameters to design indicators is created by comparing and integrating multiple regression methods. Secondly, to quantify and compare the carbon emissions of solutions, a differentiated carbon emission quantitative model is established, retaining the differentiated processes of solutions. In addition, NSGA-II has been improved for a broader exploration of the design space. Finally, a small folding bicycle frame is taken as an example to validate the design method. The result shows that the proposed method can effectively realize the low-carbon design of products and improve the design efficiency.