Review of Graphene Applications in Electric Vehicle Thermal Management Systems

As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to develop, effective battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are critical for ensuring battery safety, performance, and longevity. This review explores the application of graphene-based materials in BTMSs, focusing on graphene coatings, graphene nanofluids, and enhanced phase change materials (PCMs). Graphene’s superior thermal and electrical conductivities offer substantial benefits for improving heat dissipation, reducing temperature fluctuations, and enhancing battery performance. Despite its potential, challenges such as high production costs and complex manufacturing processes hinder large-scale adoption. This paper summarizes recent advancements and compares graphene’s performance with conventional materials. Key findings, including performance metrics from studies, are discussed to demonstrate the advantages of graphene. The review also outlines future research directions, emphasizing the development of hybrid materials, combining graphene with other advanced substances to optimize EV thermal management. The findings aim to guide future innovations in the field.