The Relative Risk Estimation of Pneumonia in Malaysia using Besag, York and Mollie (BYM)

Good relative risk values are important in the production of a disease risk map. This disease risk map can clearly show the risk areas of the disease occurrence. In order to get good relative risk values, choosing a good statistical model is a significant part that needs to be considered when studying disease occurrence. Hence, the objective of this paper is to estimate the relative risk values for pneumonia transmission based on the Besag, York and Mollie (BYM) model. The analysis involved pneumonia data in Malaysia for the year 2010 until the year 2019. Results show that Putrajaya has been classified as a very high-risk area with a 4.546 risk value, while Pulau Pinang shows the lowest risk area of contracting pneumonia.