ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AS A FACTOR IN HONEY BEES ADAPTATION

The article examines the impact of environmental changes on the adaptive mechanisms of Ukrainian steppe honeybees of the Hadyatsky type, which are distinguished by enhanced hygienic behavior and resilience to ecological stress. The primary climatic factors affecting bee activity are analyzed, including climate change, environmental pollution, biodiversity loss, and other aspects influencing the health and productivity of bee colonies. Key factors highlighted include temperature fluctuations, changes in seasonal precipitation, and variations in flora, which serve as the main source of forage for bees. Rising temperatures, shifts in the duration of warm seasons, and a decline in forage resources can lead to reduced honey production and a deterioration in the overall condition of bee colonies. The ability of honeybees to quickly adapt to such changes through heightened hygienic activity, enabling them to effectively combat pathogens and environmental contaminants, is specifically addressed. The role of bees' natural adaptive mechanisms in maintaining stable production of honey and other bee products such as wax, propolis, and royal jelly is evaluated. The findings of the study may be valuable for developing sustainable beekeeping practices that consider environmental changes and contribute to the preservation of biodiversity.