Sustainable biogas conversion: A solution to hog waste pollution and environmental degradation in Sampson County, North Carolina

The hog farming industry in North Carolina is among the largest in the United States, contributing substantially to the state’s economy while also imposing significant environmental and social costs. The concentration of large-scale farms in rural counties, particularly in Sampson County, results in severe externalities, including air and water pollution, declining property values, and disproportionate health impacts on low-income communities. The current manure management system, which relies on open-air lagoons and waste spraying, has led to documented cases of respiratory illness and water contamination. This research explores the feasibility of a sustainable solution through biogas energy conversion, which could mitigate odor pollution, lower energy costs, and restore property values. By integrating biogas facilities into existing infrastructure and partnering with energy providers, I propose a cost-effective model that enhances sustainability while ensuring economic viability. This paper examines the environmental, economic, and policy aspects of implementing biogas solutions, arguing that transitioning from traditional waste disposal to renewable energy can create long-term benefits for both local communities and the agricultural industry.