Antibiotic Resistance and Mortality in ICU Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of First Culture Growth Results

MDR pathogens, particularly <i>A. baumannii</i>, <i>MRSA</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, and <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, are associated with longer ICU stays and higher mortality rates. Carbapenem, cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone, and aminoglycoside resistance significantly impact clinical outcomes, emphasizing the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship programs. ESBL, p-AmpC, and carbapenemase-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> further worsen patient outcomes, highlighting the need for early infection control strategies and optimized empirical antibiotic selection. Biomarkers such as procalcitonin and CRP, alongside clinical severity scores, serve as valuable prognostic tools for ICU mortality.