COMPARISON OF THE BONE TISSUE MINERAL COMPOSITION IN THE RABBITS LOWER JAW IN THE NORMAL CONDITION, AFTER A BONE-DESTRUCTIVE INJURY AND WITH DIFFERENT OPTIONS OF FILLING THE BONE DEFECT WITH OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIALS

Introduction. The search for effective methods of treating injuries and defects of the jaws to ensure the restoration of not only the volume but also the qualitative properties of their bone tissue is one of the primary objectives of surgical dentistry, maxillofacial surgery and traumatology today.The aim of the work was to investigate the features of post-traumatic regeneration of the mineral components of the bone tissue of the lower jaw after experimental infliction of a bone defect and its filling with different osteoplastic materials.Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 145 sexually mature male mongrel rabbits weighing 2.5-3.0 kg, aged 6–7 months. A bone defect was modeled in the interdental region of the alveolar part of the lower jaw. A cavity 4 mm deep and 3 mm wide was formed using a dental bur. The animals were divided into 7 groups (20 rabbits in each) depending on the filling of the defect: blood clot; OCP-N; OCP-N-Chitosan-Ampicillin; β-TCP; Chitosan-A; Col-C; Col-C-lincomycin. Five intact animals were used to study the content of the studied mineral elements in the bone tissue of the lower jaw of a rabbit in norm. The mineral composition of bone tissue was studied by atomic absorption and emission spectral analysis. Control was performed on day 84 after the injury.Results. The study of the mineral composition of the lower jaw bone tissue of animals in the control and experimental groups 84 days after bone injury showed a different content of the studied mineral elements and their different ratio, depending on the material used to fill the bone defect. The obtained results of the study showed that the mineral composition of the rabbit lower jaw bone tissue after infliction of a bone-destroying injury and filling of the bone defect with various osteoplastic materials after 84 days remains somewhat different from the norm and has characteristic features that depend on the material used. At the same time, the calcium content remains higher than normal in all experimental groups, although when using OCP-N, OCP-N-Chitosan-Ampicillin, and Col-C-lincomycin, it is lower than in the control. The phosphorus value returns to normal only when using the Col-C material, the magnesium value – when using OCP-N-Chitosan-Ampicillin and Chitosan-A, the sodium value – when using β-TCP and Chitosan-A, and the potassium value – when filling the defect with OCP -N-Chitosan-Ampicillin and in the control group.Conclusions. The mineral composition of bone tissue changes after bone-destroying trauma due to a significant increase in the content of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, which remain higher than in intact animals until day 84 of the experiment. The dynamics of sodium and potassium content is less pronounced; their values on day 84 of the experiment don`t differ significantly from the norm. When osteoplastic materials are used to fill the bone defect, the dynamics of the content of the studied mineral elements in the bone tissue is different and different from the control. The quantitative indicators of the content of the studied elements differed least significantly from the norm when filling the bone effect with OCP-N and OCP-N-Chitosan-Ampicillin.