Prototyping Various <scp>MPPT</scp> Techniques Used in Wind Energy Conversion Systems for Response Time Monitoring

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on prototyping various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) for response time monitoring. MPPT plays a crucial role in optimizing the power extraction from wind turbines by dynamically adjusting their operating conditions to track the maximum power point. The response time of an MPPT algorithm determines how quickly it can adapt to changes in wind conditions and maximize power output. In this study, we implement and compare multiple MPPT techniques on an emulated WECS. Several commonly used MPPT techniques, such as perturb and observe (P&amp;O), incremental conductance (IncCond), and tip speed ratio (TSR), are implemented and evaluated based on their response time. The response time metrics include settling time, overshoot, and steady‐state error. The experimental setup allows for real‐time data acquisition and analysis of the different MPPT techniques' performance under dynamic wind profiles. The acquired data is analyzed to assess each algorithm's response time and impact on the system's power output and stability. The results obtained from the prototyping experiments provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of different MPPT techniques in terms of their response time characteristics. Additionally, the results concluded the applicability of indirect methods for implementation using low processing capability Arduino chip rather than the direct one. Only 6.3 ms was needed by TSR to adopt the dynamic variation in wind speed, while 16.27 ms was observed in IncCond.