Exploring the Impact of Green Performance on Employees' Pro‐Environmental Behaviors: A Multi‐Group Analysis From Developed and Emerging Economies Healthcare Industries

ABSTRACT The healthcare industry, a cornerstone of public well‐being and economic growth, paradoxically contributes to environmental pollution, exacerbating ecological and global health challenges. Despite this, research on how green leadership mitigates these impacts remains limited. This study investigates how eco‐transformational leadership (Eco‐TFL) influences healthcare workers' pro‐environmental behaviors (HCW‐PEB), focusing on the mediating roles of green human resource practices (GHRP), green psychological climate (GPC), and green energy consumption (GEC). It also explores environmental awareness (EA) as a moderating factor. Data collected from 1700 healthcare professionals in China and the United States were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‐SEM). The results indicate that Eco‐TFL significantly enhances GHRP, GPC, and GEC, which positively mediates its effect on HCW‐PEB, with EA further strengthening these relationships. Cross‐cultural analysis reveals no significant differences, emphasizing the model's global relevance. This research provides actionable insights for fostering sustainable healthcare systems through green leadership and practices.