MHD peristaltic flow of nanofluid through curved channel with Joule heating and variable viscosity

Abstract Our goal is to examine the peristaltic flow of a nanofluid (Cu/blood) in a curved channel using magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We are interested in the effects of adding Joule heating and varying viscosity. When creating the governing equations for the system, it is expected that it will have a long wavelength and a low Reynolds number. The system is analysed taking into account the effects of changing viscosity, MHD and Joule heating. Suitable similarity transformations are applied to turn the original system of partial differential equations into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These transformed equations are then solved in Mathematica by utilizing the built in function NDSolve, which provides the numerical results. The study employs this technique to gain a better understanding of how the variables involved impact a number of flow characteristics, including temperature, velocity, pressure gradient and stream function. In particular, the research demonstrates that for higher magnetic parameter values, the velocity on the two walls of the channel shows an opposite tendency. Additionally, a rise in the Brinkman number is linked to an increase in temperature. The pressure gradient rises in tandem with the volume % of nanoparticles in the nanofluid. Similarly, the streamline graphs demonstrate that the trapped bolus increases with the viscosity coefficient. Overall, this study provides valuable insight into the complex relationships among MHD, changing viscosity and Joule heating in peristaltic nanofluid flow along a curved channel. The study contributes to our understanding of these mechanisms and possibly has ramifications for several technical and biomedical fields.