A Highly Integrated AiP Design for 6G Applications

This paper proposes a compact magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna-in-package (AiP) for sixth-generation (6G) applications in the D-band. The size of the unit antenna is 1.4 mm and it is excited by a slot. The simulated bandwidth covers 27 GHz, ranging from 125 to 152 GHz, with a maximum peak gain of 7.6 dBi. Then, a 4 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{x}4$</tex> array is realized using a four-way power divider and substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) on a four-layer BT-based substrate. The measured results show a bandwidth of 24 GHz (134–158 GHz), with a maximum peak gain of 15.2 dBi at 142 GHz and an average measured gain of 14.6 dBi. The radiation patterns demonstrate a low side lobe level (SLL) of 12.2 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{dB}$</tex>, with good agreement between the simulation and measurements. Compared to previous work [8], the SLL is reduced by 7.3 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{dB}$</tex> and 4.9 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{dB}$</tex> in the 2 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{x}2$</tex> and 4 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{x}4$</tex> arrays, respectively. The reduced size and low SLL make this design highly suitable for integration into compact, high-frequency communication systems, addressing the growing demand for space-saving and efficient antenna solutions in modern applications.