TAM Expansion: Analysis on Factors Influencing Mobile Learning Adoption by Students

The number of students in Indonesia using mobile learning (m-Iearning) for remote studies has increased significantly in the wake of the global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, m-Iearning remains a topic of debate due to concerns about security, privacy, and perceived risks. This study examines the factors that influence the adoption of mobile learning (m-Iearning) using an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that incorporates trust-related factors, such as risk, privacy, and security. Furthermore, the study assesses the quality of service, system, and content provided by m-Iearning platforms to ascertain their impact on user adoption. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the model, with the objective of analyzing the impact of each factor on university students' intentions to adopt m-Iearning in Indonesia. The findings indicate that students are more likely to utilize m-Iearning when it is user-friendly, offers evident advantages, and is perceived as secure. It is noteworthy that privacy does not exert a significant influence on trust, indicating that students tend to prioritize security and ease of use over privacy concerns. These findings highlight the practical implications for developers and educational institutions to prioritize security, usability, and content quality. By incorporating these elements in m-Iearning design, developers can foster greater acceptance and encourage sustainable engagement, ultimately contributing to an effective and accessible educational experience for Indonesian students.