Smart Monitoring and Watering System for Farm Management Assistance

Indonesia, an agricultural nation with substantial fertile land resources, possesses an agricultural sector that contributes significantly to the national economy, accounting for 9.22% of the total Gross Domestic Product in 2022, and provides employment for 27.52% of Indonesia's workforce. However, as the sector with the highest water consumption rate globally, agriculture faces significant challenges, such as water scarcity, climate variability, and technological limitations, primarily due to excessive water usage. In certain regions of Indonesia, persistent drought threatens plant development and crop quality due to water scarcity. This study proposes the development of a Smart Monitoring and Watering System employing a system design approach and utilizing Internet of Things technology with support of 4G protocol, implementing variable watering using fuzzy logic methodology to address these challenges. The system enables real-time monitoring of field conditions, including soil moisture, air humidity, and temperature, using a monitoring dashboard. Based on implementation and testing, the system demonstrates the capability to monitor environmental condition factors with data availability approximating 93.73% and maintains an average soil moisture level of 73.67%, thereby optimizing plant irrigation requirements in accordance with the specific needs of the farm-land.