3D-RPDM: A Method for Measuring Packing Density of Gas–Solid Two-Phase Flow Based on 3-D Reconstruction

This article introduces the 3D-RPDM framework, a method based on 3-D reconstruction for measuring the packing density of gassolid two-phase flow using a structured light system. Packing density, crucial for the manufacturing of gassolid two-phase flow materials, presents challenges in terms of intrusiveness, efficiency, and precision in sensing. The 3D-RPDM comprises calibration, volume estimation, and density calculation. Calibration aligns the structured light sensors system with container and measurement coordinates, capturing accurate particle surface data. Volume estimation is divided into irregular and regular types, accommodating various material shapes for volume calculation. Incorporating material mass data into density models yields accurate packing density measurements. This article evaluates the 3D-RPDM’s performance in terms of measurement, robustness, parameter ablation, and time consumption. The experiments confirmed an average packing density measurement error of up to 0.95%, with a maximum deviation of 2.9%, while achieving an average efficiency improvement of 77.21%, underscoring the enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of the proposed method over traditional approaches.