INVESTIGATION OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: THE CLINICAL ASPECT

Relevance. Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the development of therapeutic approaches, improving the quality of life and functional condition of patients with CHF remains insufficiently effective. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to the care of patients with CHF. Materials and methods. In a unilateral randomized clinical trial conducted from January to October 2024 at the Republican Clinical Hospital in In Makhachkala, 34 patients with diagnosed CHF were included. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a routine care group. The intervention included the work of a registered nurse, a social worker, and an interdisciplinary team consisting of a cardiologist and a palliative care specialist. The main parameters were observed for 6 and 12 months. Results. In the intervention group, the average KCCQ score improved by 5.2, while in the routine care group, the improvement was 2.7 points. Despite this, the difference was not statistically significant (2.5% difference; 95% CI from -1.5 to 6.5; P = 0.17). The decrease in depressive symptoms was significant and persisted for 12 months, showing an effect value of -0.34 (P = 0.004). Fatigue improved only after 6 months, but there was no long-term trend. There was no statistically significant improvement in anxiety and other symptoms. Conclusions. The multidisciplinary approach has demonstrated the potential to improve the condition of patients with CHF, especially in terms of mental health. However, in order to achieve significant changes on the KCCQ scale, the introduction of additional resources and longer-term monitoring may be necessary.