Historic Stone Masonry arch Bridges: Materials and Numerical Modelling of Failure Modes

Abstract This study examined eight different vaulted stone bridges with 1-2-3-4 spans. On-site measurements were conducted to assess the main characteristics of the bridges, including geometric dimensions, the types, main properties of the stones used, and the existing damages. Various laboratory tests were performed on samples taken from the bridges. Using the data obtained, numerical analyses were carried out to determine the load-bearing capacity of the structures. How the existing structural damages affect the load-bearing values was investigated. Depending on the type and extent of the damage, the reduction in load-bearing capacity can range from just a few percent to as much as 90%. It was revealed that the most significant factors affecting load-bearing capacity are the geometric dimensions and the frictional interaction between the elements.