Mathematical Analysis of Vaccination and Immunity Dynamics in Polio Eradication Efforts in Nigeria

Polio eradication efforts in Nigeria have seen significant progress, marked by an ongoing commitment to vaccination programs and public health initiatives. This article explores the mathematical modeling of polio transmission dynamics, with a focus on the impact of vaccination and immunity on disease control. A system of differential equations is developed to represent the spread of polio and the role of vaccination strategies. The model accounts for susceptible, vaccinated, infectious, and recovered populations, as well as the waning of vaccine-induced immunity. The analysis provides insights into the threshold conditions required for polio eradication and the implications of vaccination coverage, immunity waning, and population dynamics. The results suggest that achieving and sustaining high vaccination coverage remains crucial for eliminating polio, alongside addressing vaccine hesitancy and improving immunization strategies.