Understanding the Effects of Job Classification on Retirees' Mental Health: Multivariate Insights and Policy Consequences

This study aimed to assess the post-retirement psychological health and life satisfaction among senior citizens. The current empirical research measures the effect of job classification on the mental well-being of retirees using the multivariate analysis approach. Multi-item standardized inventories make up the dependent variable, while an extensive number of job categories make up the independent variable. The findings demonstrate that the predictor variable significantly affects psychological health, comprising three outcome variables: perceptions of ageing, life satisfaction, and self-esteem. The data was collected employing stratified random sampling from 312 senior respondents (62% response rate). The Brief Ageing Perceptions (B-APQ) Scale measured ageing perceptions, the Satisfaction with Life Scale rated overall satisfaction, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale examined self-esteem. The results show that retirees in lower-level employment groups have comparatively less satisfaction, likely due to limited financial resources and insufficient pensions. Conversely, many respondents' expertise and advanced technical and educational credentials go untapped due to a lack of regulations for knowledge-sharing positions. The recommendation includes a comprehensive governmental and private plan to enhance the elderly's well-being, sense of purpose and belonging, thereby enriching society through their creativity and experience. By addressing these gaps, the study can be utilized by the government, policy-makers, parliamentarians, and donor organizations to develop efficient social welfare initiatives for the satisfied and well-adjusted life of the elderly in Pakistan.