The Role of Support Systems in Shaping Academic Accomplishment: A Study of Secondary School Students in Pakistan

This study examines the role of parental, peer, and private tutor support in shaping secondary school students' academic achievement in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. It was a quantitative study with a survey research design. Two hundred fifty-nine secondary school students were selected through a random sampling technique from Islamabad and Rawalpindi; Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. The findings of the study indicated that private tutor support and academic engagement significantly enhanced the students' achievement. On the other hand, parental and peer support have relatively weaker or mixed effects. Academic participation plays a crucial role as a mediator between the support system and students' performance, especially in the subjects of Urdu and Math, where learning differences are prevalent. The study highlights the significance of structured academic support and students' engagement in improving educational outcomes. Additionally, the findings indicate a wide range of study motivations, suggesting that different scholarly techniques could potentially contribute to ameliorating the issue. In order to achieve equitable and meaningful learning, recommendations encourage better teacher preparation, parental involvement, and effective study plans for students.