SARS-CoV-2 conjugate vaccine elicits robust immune responses that can protect against evolving variants.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic necessitated effective vaccines that can endure antigenic mutations. Here we demonstrate highly immunogenic conjugate vaccines that elicit broad cross-neutralization to variants of concern (VOC) in animal studies. By utilizing protein-protein conjugation and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonist adjuvants we achieve enhanced immunogenicity compared to unconjugated equivalents. These vaccine candidates induced broad cross-protection against several VOC, a characteristic lacking in early COVID-19 vaccines. Murine neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers from animals vaccinated with Beta-only conjugates were equivalent between Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 variants, which were circulating up to three years after the antigenic Beta strain. Additionally, Beta-Delta bivalent conjugate vaccines readily prevented disease in hamster challenge. Together this demonstrates a vaccine with remarkably broad cross-protection and potential to protect for extended periods despite mutations, without requiring modified boosters or antigen adaption. These techniques can be applied to more recent SARS-CoV-2 strains, and other viruses, highlighting the benefits of protein-protein conjugation coupled with TLR agonist secondary adjuvants.

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Publication Details

Journal
Vaccine
Published
2025-03-06
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126988
Primary Topic
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

SARS-CoV-2 conjugate vaccine elicits robust immune responses that can protect against evolving variants.

Michael J. McCluskie, Anup Datta, Anh Tran, B. Fall et al.
Vaccine
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
article

SARS-CoV-2 conjugate vaccine elicits robust immune responses that can protect against evolving variants.

Michael J. McCluskie, Anup Datta, Anh Tran, B. Fall, Subhash V. Kapre, Yves Durocher, Leonardo Rojas-Mezarina, Heather Fox, Mary Whalen, Melanie L. Carroll, J. William Langston, Ivan A. Olave, Fataneh Karandish, Gowri Chellappan, Geetha Karengil
article en

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic necessitated effective vaccines that can endure antigenic mutations. Here we demonstrate highly immunogenic conjugate vaccines that elicit broad cross-neutralization to variants of concern (VOC) in animal studies. By utilizing protein-protein conjugation and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonist adjuvants we achieve enhanced immunogenicity compared to unconjugated equivalents. These vaccine candidates induced broad cross-protection against several VOC, a characteristic lacking in early COVID-19 vaccines. Murine neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers from animals vaccinated with Beta-only conjugates were equivalent between Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 variants, which were circulating up to three years after the antigenic Beta strain. Additionally, Beta-Delta bivalent conjugate vaccines readily prevented disease in hamster challenge. Together this demonstrates a vaccine with remarkably broad cross-protection and potential to protect for extended periods despite mutations, without requiring modified boosters or antigen adaption. These techniques can be applied to more recent SARS-CoV-2 strains, and other viruses, highlighting the benefits of protein-protein conjugation coupled with TLR agonist secondary adjuvants.

VaccineVol. 54
Inventprise (United States) (US), National Research Council Canada (CA)
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 93%
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
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