Factors Affecting Modern Contraception Uptake Among Women of Reproductive Age Living with HIV in Bujumbura, Burundi: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Despite experiencing reproductive processes similar to those without Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), women living with HIV frequently receive insufficient attention concerning contraception, and data on this is limited, especially in Burundi. This study aims to identify the factors that affect the uptake of contraception among women living with HIV in the Bujumbura province of Burundi. Methodology: The data for this cross-sectional study were collected from women of reproductive age, 18-49 years, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the factors that affect the uptake of contraception among women living with HIV in Bujumbura. Results: A total of 386 individuals participated in the study, with a current contraceptive usage prevalence of 49.2%. The most used contraceptive method was injectables (49.5% of the participants). Not being sexually active enough (27.6%), Unmet need to space (23.5%), not knowing if it is indicated for women living with HIV (13.3%), and Partner opposition (8.2%) are the main reasons stated by our participants for not using modern contraceptives. Factors such as the duration of living with HIV (Odds ratio (OR): 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08; 1.65, P-value (P) < 0.01), having 1 to 3 children (OR: 1.572, 95% CI: 1.35; 1.97), not receiving information (OR: 0.143, 95% CI: 0.065; 0.317), not receiving advice on contraceptive methods (OR: 0.284, 95% CI: 0.106; 0.517), and lack of access to needed contraception (OR: 0.421, 95% CI: 0.33; 1.84) were significantly associated with contraceptive use. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the low prevalence of contraceptive use among Burundian women living with HIV. Conversely, there was a higher prevalence of contraceptive use among women with a university-level education, those whose partners had a negative HIV status, and women with an undetectable viral load.