Understanding mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) infestation under agro-climatic variability: Evidence from NICRA demonstration on temperature, humidity, and farmer awareness

Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) infestation in Chhatarpur is significantly influenced by climatic factors, particularly during the flowering stage. The study revealed that peak aphid incidence occurs in January due to low temperatures, high humidity, and increased cloud cover, creating a favorable environment for pest proliferation. Integrating meteorological data with pest management strategies is essential to reducing yield losses. Regular aphid monitoring should commence in December using weather-based forecasting models for early detection. Targeted application of eco-friendly insecticides and neem-based formulations at the flowering stage can effectively suppress aphid populations. Climate-smart Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approaches, combining weather predictions with pest control measures, enhance resource optimization and crop protection. Strengthening farmer training and extension services will facilitate the adoption of bio-control agents and sustainable pest control techniques. Additionally, refining predictive models through multi-season research will improve aphid forecasting accuracy, ensuring proactive management. Implementing these climate-responsive strategies will enhance mustard production resilience, safeguard yields, and promote sustainable agricultural practices.