Role of Biosynthesized Copper Nanoparticles in Agriculture and Other Fields

In the last decades, nanotechnology has emerged as a new technology field because of its unique qualities. Usage of chemicals in medicines and agriculture, such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides is very harmful to the environment. Hence by the use of this revolutionary technology, it can be possible to reduce the toxic effects in the environment. Copper is one of the key micronutrients which play a great role in growth and development. CuNPs have distinctive chemical and physical qualities that make them applicable in different fields. Physical and chemical synthesis of CuNPs is very expensive, time-consuming, and harmful to the environment. However, the biological synthesis of CuNPs from bacteria, fungi, and plant extract is very eco-friendly free from any chemical hazards. Biosynthesized CuNPs are characterized by the UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, and SEM with EDX. In agriculture, CuNPs protect the plant from abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Due to the small size of CuNPs easily absorbed by the plants and protects the plants from abiotic and biotic stress. Different biotic factors such as predators, parasites, insects, pests, and soil-born phytopathogens are responsible for crop losses. Most advanced application of biosynthesized CuNPs management of plant diseases. CuNPs not only exhibit positive impacts but also show negative impacts in plants at higher concentrations. This review focus on the biosynthesis, and positive and negative impacts of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), and also provide knowledge and importance of the CuNPs in various fields like medicine and agriculture, in medicine act as anticancer and antidiabetic agents.