Investigation of the Effects of Applying Bio‐Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle Fertilizer to <i>Moringa Oleifera</i> Plants on the Chemical and Vegetative Properties of the Plants’ leaves

Magnesium (Mg) is necessary for plants as a structural element or an enzyme cofactor. It also plays a significant role in the light and dark responses of photosynthesis. Moringa plants are considered one of the most important medicinal plants that humans need for nutrition. The aim of the study is to provide Mg to plants in an easy and simple way. Therefore, it is widely available in human food due to its nutritional importance. In this experiment, the treatment was done on the Moringa plant as, one of the medicinal plants that is increasingly used in fresh form. The experiment was conducted at the research farm of the National Research Center. Magnesium oxide has been extracted and prepared in a natural way that is safe for humans, plants, and soil. Trichoderma viride filtrate was used as a chelating agent in an environmentally friendly process to create magnesium oxide nanoparticle (MgO-NPs). FTIR, TEM, and SEM-EDX were utilized to analyze and characterize the synthesized. Plants were treated with different doses to determine the optimal concentration for the plant. The effect of treatment on plants was to improve vegetation such, as a number of leaves (232.15), leaf area (273.97 cm²), and fresh weight (3693.17 g). It also increased dry matter in the plant (171.8 g), chemical properties, and elements.