EMT Modelling and Control of a 20-MW DC Wind Power Generator Integrated with an Electrolyzer

The increasing need of cost-effective and large-scale energy storage systems is motivating a strong focus on the deployment of hydrogen based conversion and storage. Hence, the potential of achieving fast dynamic response and high efficiency of electrolyzers makes them attractive to support the mitigation of reliability and stability threats due to the inherent variable power supply from renewables. Suitable dynamic models of new combined solutions, i.e. renewable generation with electrolyzers, are urgently needed to properly characterize and mitigate such threats. Therefore, this paper presents an EMT real-time simulation model of an electrolyzer connected to an offshore 20 MW DC wind power generation system. The envisioned power electronic layout along with the necessary controlling actions are explained in detail. Two modes of electrolyzer operation are proposed the master and slave mode. Based on whether hydrogen production is the priority or grid power injection is priority, the controlling action of the proposed model can be switched. The proposed model is developed as a building block for the study and design of multi-gigawatt scale offshore wind power plants, with stability support from electrolyzers.